Biomass:polystyrene co-pyrolysis coupled with metal-modified zeolite catalysis for liquid fuel and chemical production

Abstract Biomass and waste polystyrene plastic (ratio 1:1) were co-pyrolysed followed by catalysis in a two-stage fixed bed reactor system to produce upgraded bio-oils for production of liquid fuel aromatic chemicals. The catalysts investigated ZSM-5 impregnated with different metals, Ga, Co, Cu, Fe Ni determine their influence on bio-oil upgrading. results showed that the added metals had impact yield composition product oils gases. Deoxygenation was mainly via formation CO 2 decarboxylation decarbonylation Ni–ZSM-5 Co–ZSM-5 whereas higher water lower obtained ZSM-5, Ga–ZSM-5, Cu–ZSM-5 Fe–ZSM-5 suggesting hydrodeoxygenation dominant. Compared unmodified single-ring compounds oil increased Co–ZSM-5, Cu–ZSM-5, catalysts. However, Ga–ZSM-5 catalyst, reduced, but highest polycyclic hydrocarbons produced. A biomass ratio (4:1) resulted markedly consequent gas.